Do I need a Hue Bridge to use Philips Hue BR30 bulbs?

No. Per the product listings and r/Hue threads we read, current Hue BR30 bulbs work over Bluetooth out of the box for control in a single room. Adding a Hue Bridge unlocks remote access, multi-room scenes, more than ~10 bulbs, and tighter integration with Alexa, Google Home, and Apple Home.