What percentage of niacinamide is most effective?

Across the reviewers we read, 5% is the concentration with the strongest published evidence for tone, texture, and barrier benefits, and most users see results at 5–10%. Higher concentrations (12–20%) may help with oil control and pore appearance but increase the risk of flushing or irritation, and specialist-community threads frequently note that 10% and 20% perform similarly on most skin types.