What's the difference between Zigbee, Thread/Matter, and Wi-Fi sensors?

Zigbee and Thread are low-power mesh protocols that extend battery life and need a hub or border router, but they tend to be fast and reliable. Matter-over-Thread (like the Aqara P2) aims for cross-ecosystem compatibility with Apple Home, Google Home and Alexa. Wi-Fi sensors skip the hub for simplicity but can drain batteries faster and add traffic to your network.